@article{380316531caa4ff8b5378490e250207f,
title = "Targeting α4β7 integrin reduces mucosal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus and protects gut-associated lymphoid tissue from infection",
abstract = "α4β7 integrin-expressing CD4+ T cells preferentially traffic to gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and have a key role in HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) pathogenesis. We show here that the administration of an anti-α4β7 monoclonal antibody just prior to and during acute infection protects rhesus macaques from transmission following repeated low-dose intravaginal challenges with SIV mac251. In treated animals that became infected, the GALT was significantly protected from infection and CD4+ T cell numbers were maintained in both the blood and the GALT. Thus, targeting α4β7 reduces mucosal transmission of SIV in macaques.",
author = "Byrareddy, {Siddappa N.} and Brianne Kallam and James Arthos and Claudia Cicala and Fatima Nawaz and Joseph Hiatt and Kersh, {Ellen N.} and McNicholl, {Janet M.} and Debra Hanson and Reimann, {Keith A.} and Markus Brameier and Lutz Walter and Kenneth Rogers and Mayne, {Ann E.} and Paul Dunbar and Tara Villinger and Dawn Little and Parslow, {Tristram G.} and Santangelo, {Philip J.} and Francois Villinger and Fauci, {Anthony S.} and Ansari, {Aftab A.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the NIH-NIAID AI-098628-01 (to A.A.A.), the NIAID NIH Intramural Research Program and OD 51POD1113 to the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. We are grateful to F. Connor-Stroud for help with the cytobrush studies and to the veterinary staff and animal caretakers of the Yerkes National Primate Center of Emory University, specially S. Ehnert and her team. The authors also acknowledge the assistance of M. Piatak for performing the ultrasensitive PCR analysis and R. Kaul and L.R. McKinnon for sharing with us their finding on cervical brush analyses in Africa and advising us on how to proceed in adapting their human findings to our nonhuman primates. Recombinant mAbs were produced by the Nonhuman Primate Reagent Resource (NIAID, NIH contract # HHSN272200900037C). The virus stock of SIVmac251 was obtained courtesy of N. Miller (NIAID, NIH). We apologize to all the authors whose publications we failed to cite. The findings in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.",
year = "2014",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/nm.3715",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "20",
pages = "1397--1400",
journal = "Nature Medicine",
issn = "1078-8956",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "12",
}