The Legacy of James F. Short, Jr.

James F. Short, Jr. is a major figure in the field of criminology. This chapter traces this criminological legacy by focusing on Short's work and influence in the street gangs literature. It begins with a brief summary of the formative years, followed by a review of his pioneering work with Fred Strodtbeck in Chicago and subsequent efforts to advance the group process perspective of delinquent and violent behaviors. Although Short's work on measurement issues has been highly influential, his research on the etiology of juvenile delinquency is particularly important, providing a source of continuity in a scholarly career punctuated by extensive professional service and travel. Through detached worker interviews and observer field notes, Short and Strodtbeck came to realize that interaction among the boys within peer groups was a primary mechanism by which norms and values of the broader community are translated into delinquent behavior.