TY - JOUR
T1 - The #MeToo movement and perceptions of sexual assault
T2 - College students’ recognition of sexual assault experiences over time.
AU - Jaffe, Anna E.
AU - Cero, Ian
AU - DiLillo, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Psychological Association
PY - 2021/1/14
Y1 - 2021/1/14
N2 - Objective: On October 15, 2017, Alyssa Milano encouraged anyone who had been sexually harassed or assaulted to respond on Twitter with the phrase, #MeToo. Millions responded and a cultural reckoning ensued. Anecdotally, the #MeToo movement appears to have affected survivors’ acceptance and acknowledgment of their own sexual assault experiences, but empirical evidence is lacking. To address this gap, the aim of this study was to examine associations between behavioral and labeled reports of sexual assault and time since the #MeToo movement began. Methods: Participants were 2,566 college students who completed a sexual assault survey over the course of 3 years, overlapping with the onset of the #MeToo movement. Results: Regarding our hypothesis that the prevalence of sexual assault—indicated by standardized behaviorally specific questions—would be relatively constant over time after controlling for demographics, a Bayesian logistic regression model yielded inconclusive results. However, among the 596 students who endorsed behaviorally specific screeners for sexual assault, a Bayesian linear regression model revealed that, after controlling for demographics and characteristics of the assault, participants were increasingly likely to label the experience a “sexual assault” with more time post-#MeToo. Conclusions: Overall, findings revealed no evidence for or against changes in the prevalence of sexual assault, but suggested there were associations between the #MeToo movement and greater recognition of past unwanted sexual experiences as “sexual assault” over time. These findings highlight the importance of considering the social context in research examining sexual assault survivors’ cognitions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
AB - Objective: On October 15, 2017, Alyssa Milano encouraged anyone who had been sexually harassed or assaulted to respond on Twitter with the phrase, #MeToo. Millions responded and a cultural reckoning ensued. Anecdotally, the #MeToo movement appears to have affected survivors’ acceptance and acknowledgment of their own sexual assault experiences, but empirical evidence is lacking. To address this gap, the aim of this study was to examine associations between behavioral and labeled reports of sexual assault and time since the #MeToo movement began. Methods: Participants were 2,566 college students who completed a sexual assault survey over the course of 3 years, overlapping with the onset of the #MeToo movement. Results: Regarding our hypothesis that the prevalence of sexual assault—indicated by standardized behaviorally specific questions—would be relatively constant over time after controlling for demographics, a Bayesian logistic regression model yielded inconclusive results. However, among the 596 students who endorsed behaviorally specific screeners for sexual assault, a Bayesian linear regression model revealed that, after controlling for demographics and characteristics of the assault, participants were increasingly likely to label the experience a “sexual assault” with more time post-#MeToo. Conclusions: Overall, findings revealed no evidence for or against changes in the prevalence of sexual assault, but suggested there were associations between the #MeToo movement and greater recognition of past unwanted sexual experiences as “sexual assault” over time. These findings highlight the importance of considering the social context in research examining sexual assault survivors’ cognitions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
KW - cognitions
KW - harassment
KW - labeling
KW - rape
KW - trauma
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U2 - 10.1037/vio0000363
DO - 10.1037/vio0000363
M3 - Article
C2 - 34970465
AN - SCOPUS:85102866126
VL - 11
SP - 209
EP - 218
JO - Psychology of Violence
JF - Psychology of Violence
SN - 2152-0828
IS - 2
ER -