The relevance of experimental carcinogenicity studies to human safety

Samuel M. Cohen

doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2017.04.002

The relevance of experimental carcinogenicity studies to human safety

Samuel M. Cohen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

The two year rodent bioassay has been the standard for carcinogenicity screening for 5 decades. However, numerous examples exist showing that a positive result is not predictive of human cancer risk because of lack of relevant dose and/or mode of action. Utilizing basic principles of carcinogenesis, evaluating chemicals for DNA reactivity, immunosuppression, estrogenic activity and increased cell proliferation provides a more scientific, rationally based process for evaluating risk, in conjunction with metabolism in human cell systems and dose response considerations. George Box once stated, “Models; all are wrong, some are useful.” The two year rodent bioassay screen for carcinogenesis is no longer useful.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	6-11
Number of pages	6
Journal	Current Opinion in Toxicology
Volume	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cotox.2017.04.002
State	Published - Apr 1 2017

Keywords

Cell proliferation
Cytotoxicity
DNA reactivity
Estrogen
Immunosuppression
Mitogenicity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Toxicology

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10.1016/j.cotox.2017.04.002

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title = "The relevance of experimental carcinogenicity studies to human safety",

abstract = "The two year rodent bioassay has been the standard for carcinogenicity screening for 5 decades. However, numerous examples exist showing that a positive result is not predictive of human cancer risk because of lack of relevant dose and/or mode of action. Utilizing basic principles of carcinogenesis, evaluating chemicals for DNA reactivity, immunosuppression, estrogenic activity and increased cell proliferation provides a more scientific, rationally based process for evaluating risk, in conjunction with metabolism in human cell systems and dose response considerations. George Box once stated, “Models; all are wrong, some are useful.” The two year rodent bioassay screen for carcinogenesis is no longer useful.",

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AB - The two year rodent bioassay has been the standard for carcinogenicity screening for 5 decades. However, numerous examples exist showing that a positive result is not predictive of human cancer risk because of lack of relevant dose and/or mode of action. Utilizing basic principles of carcinogenesis, evaluating chemicals for DNA reactivity, immunosuppression, estrogenic activity and increased cell proliferation provides a more scientific, rationally based process for evaluating risk, in conjunction with metabolism in human cell systems and dose response considerations. George Box once stated, “Models; all are wrong, some are useful.” The two year rodent bioassay screen for carcinogenesis is no longer useful.

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KW - Cytotoxicity

KW - DNA reactivity

KW - Estrogen

KW - Immunosuppression

KW - Mitogenicity

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The relevance of experimental carcinogenicity studies to human safety

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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