Thrombolytic enhancement with perfluorocarbon-exposed sonicated dextrose albumin microbubbles

Thomas R. Porter, Robert F. LeVeen, Randy Fox, Alan Kricsfeld, Feng Xie

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

149 Scopus citations

Abstract

Whereas low-intensity, high-frequency ultrasound (US) alone appears to cause minimal thrombolysis, US combined with air-filled microbubbles does increase the amount of urokinase (UK)-mediated clot lysis (CL). Because this phenomenon may be mediated by cavitation-induced streaming, we hypothesized that perfluorocarbon-exposed sonicated dextrose albumin (PESDA) microbubbles, which are more stable than air-filled microbubbles, may also enhance US- induced thrombolysis. We measured the percentage CL of equally sized thrombi (1.0 ± 0.1 mg) made from freshly drawn blood incubated for 2 hours and then exposed to 20 kHz US (0.846 MPa peak negative pressure). The thrombi were bathed in 4 ml of saline solution, UK alone (20,000 U), PESDA alone, or a combination of PESDA with UK. The percentage CL achieved with PESDA and therapeutic US was also compared with the percentage CL achieved with room air-filled sonicated dextrose albumin (RASDA) microbubbles. When compared with US alone (24% ± 13% CL) or UK alone (17% ± 3% CL), PESDA plus US produced significantly better CL (43% ± 17%; p < 0.05). PESDA combined with US also produced significantly greater CL than RASDA combined with US (28% ± 9%; p < 0.05). The optimal CL was achieved with a combination of PESDA with UK with US (60% ± 14% CL). We conclude that PESDA microbubbles alone may be capable of inducing thrombolysis when insonified with a low-frequency transducer.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)964-968
Number of pages5
JournalAmerican Heart Journal
Volume132
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1996

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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