Time and motion study of hepatitis C virus point-of-care testing in community pharmacies

Background: Point-of-care (POC) testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is readily available for implementation in community pharmacies, but it is unknown how feasible administration of the tests would be in the current community pharmacy model. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to describe time associated with each step in a pharmacy HCV screening program and compare the results to influenza management in the pharmacy workflow. Methods: For this time and motion study, the process was broken into 10 categories. A standardized patient was used for each location to accurately assess and compare the integration of HCV testing in the various workflows. Data were collected for each category during 2 random visits at each of 6 community pharmacies. Times were averaged, and a standard deviation calculated for each specific category. The data were then compared to previous time-in-motion values collected for influenza management. Results: The average total time (patient identification to completion of visit) to complete the HCV POC test was 59 minutes 44 seconds (+/- 9:23). The average time that pharmacists and technicians actively spent with each patient was 10 minutes 23 seconds and 11 minutes 20 seconds, respectively. The average labor cost per patient for pharmacists and technicians were $11.55 and $3.75, respectively. Conclusion: The hands-on time requirements and workflow associated with offering HCV screening in a pharmacy using the Oraquick HCV rapid antibody test were similar to those noted with other pharmacy based POC testing services. Labor costs could be lessened by delegation of some non-clinical functions to a qualified pharmacy technician. We suggest an HCV rapid antibody test can be incorporated into pharmacy workflow with reasonable efficiency.