TY - JOUR
T1 - Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Circulates in Normal Human Plasma and is Unchanged in Advanced Metastatic Breast Cancer
AU - Wakefield, Lalage M.
AU - Letterio, John J.
AU - Chen, Theresa
AU - Danielpour, David
AU - Allison, Robin S.H.
AU - Pai, Lee H.
AU - Denicoff, Andrea M.
AU - Noone, Marianne H.
AU - Cowan, Kenneth H.
AU - O’Shaughnessy, Joyce A.
AU - Sporn, Michael B.
PY - 1995/1/1
Y1 - 1995/1/1
N2 - A method has been developed to determine true plasma transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) levels by using the platelet α granule-specific marker, platelet factor 4, to correct for the TGF-β contributed by platelets degranulated ex vivo. TGF-β levels were measured on acid-ethanol extracts of human plasma using isoform-speciflc sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Normal human subjects had 4.1 ± 2.0 ng/ml TGF-β1 (range, 2.0-12.0; n = 42), <0.2 ng/ml TGF-β2, and <0.1 ng/ml TGF-β3 in their plasma. There were no significant changes with age or with hormonal status, but any given individual showed fluctuations of up to 3-fold in measured plasma TGF-β levels due to unknown factors. Of 28 patients with advanced metastatic breast cancer, 2 had greatly elevated TGF-β1 levels, while the rest were in the normal range. The presence of physiologically significant levels of TGF-β1 in the plasmas of normal human subjects may indicate previously unsuspected endocrine roles for this peptide, while TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 appear to act only in a local autocrine/paracrine fashion.
AB - A method has been developed to determine true plasma transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) levels by using the platelet α granule-specific marker, platelet factor 4, to correct for the TGF-β contributed by platelets degranulated ex vivo. TGF-β levels were measured on acid-ethanol extracts of human plasma using isoform-speciflc sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Normal human subjects had 4.1 ± 2.0 ng/ml TGF-β1 (range, 2.0-12.0; n = 42), <0.2 ng/ml TGF-β2, and <0.1 ng/ml TGF-β3 in their plasma. There were no significant changes with age or with hormonal status, but any given individual showed fluctuations of up to 3-fold in measured plasma TGF-β levels due to unknown factors. Of 28 patients with advanced metastatic breast cancer, 2 had greatly elevated TGF-β1 levels, while the rest were in the normal range. The presence of physiologically significant levels of TGF-β1 in the plasmas of normal human subjects may indicate previously unsuspected endocrine roles for this peptide, while TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 appear to act only in a local autocrine/paracrine fashion.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 9815895
AN - SCOPUS:0028942671
SN - 1078-0432
VL - 1
SP - 129
EP - 136
JO - Clinical Cancer Research
JF - Clinical Cancer Research
IS - 1
ER -